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annotate rsa.c @ 123:a0db9a23f6d4

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calloc memory rather than mallocing it - can't hurt too much, and is probably a bit safer
author Matt Johnston <matt@ucc.asn.au>
date Tue, 14 Sep 2004 13:18:16 +0000
parents 29a5c7c62350
children 0cfba3034be5
Ignore whitespace changes - Everywhere: Within whitespace: At end of lines:
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4
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1 /*
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2 * Dropbear - a SSH2 server
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3 *
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4 * Copyright (c) 2002,2003 Matt Johnston
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5 * All rights reserved.
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6 *
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7 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
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8 * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
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9 * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
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10 * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
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11 * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
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12 * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
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13 *
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14 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
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15 * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
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16 *
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17 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
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18 * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
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19 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
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20 * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
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21 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
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22 * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
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23 * SOFTWARE. */
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24
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25 /* Perform RSA operations on data, including reading keys, signing and
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26 * verification.
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27 *
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28 * The format is specified in rfc2437, Applied Cryptography or The Handbook of
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29 * Applied Cryptography detail the general algorithm. */
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30
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31 #include "includes.h"
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32 #include "dbutil.h"
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33 #include "bignum.h"
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34 #include "rsa.h"
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35 #include "buffer.h"
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36 #include "ssh.h"
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37 #include "random.h"
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38
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39 #ifdef DROPBEAR_RSA
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40
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41 static mp_int * rsa_pad_em(rsa_key * key,
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42 const unsigned char * data, unsigned int len);
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43
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44 /* Load a public rsa key from a buffer, initialising the values.
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45 * The key will have the same format as buf_put_rsa_key.
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46 * These should be freed with rsa_key_free.
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47 * Returns DROPBEAR_SUCCESS or DROPBEAR_FAILURE */
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48 int buf_get_rsa_pub_key(buffer* buf, rsa_key *key) {
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49
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50 TRACE(("enter buf_get_rsa_pub_key"));
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51 assert(key != NULL);
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52 key->e = m_malloc(sizeof(mp_int));
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53 key->n = m_malloc(sizeof(mp_int));
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54 m_mp_init_multi(key->e, key->n, NULL);
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55 key->d = NULL;
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56 key->p = NULL;
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57 key->q = NULL;
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58
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59 buf_incrpos(buf, 4+SSH_SIGNKEY_RSA_LEN); /* int + "ssh-rsa" */
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60
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61 if (buf_getmpint(buf, key->e) == DROPBEAR_FAILURE
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62 || buf_getmpint(buf, key->n) == DROPBEAR_FAILURE) {
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63 TRACE(("leave buf_get_rsa_pub_key: failure"));
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64 return DROPBEAR_FAILURE;
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65 }
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66
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67 if (mp_count_bits(key->n) < MIN_RSA_KEYLEN) {
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68 dropbear_log(LOG_WARNING, "rsa key too short");
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69 return DROPBEAR_FAILURE;
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70 }
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71
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72 TRACE(("leave buf_get_rsa_pub_key: success"));
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73 return DROPBEAR_SUCCESS;
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74
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75 }
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76
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77 /* Same as buf_get_rsa_pub_key, but reads a private "x" key at the end.
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78 * Loads a private rsa key from a buffer
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79 * Returns DROPBEAR_SUCCESS or DROPBEAR_FAILURE */
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80 int buf_get_rsa_priv_key(buffer* buf, rsa_key *key) {
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81
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82 assert(key != NULL);
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83
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84 TRACE(("enter buf_get_rsa_priv_key"));
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85
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86 if (buf_get_rsa_pub_key(buf, key) == DROPBEAR_FAILURE) {
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87 TRACE(("leave buf_get_rsa_priv_key: pub: ret == DROPBEAR_FAILURE"));
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88 return DROPBEAR_FAILURE;
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89 }
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90
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91 key->d = m_malloc(sizeof(mp_int));
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92 m_mp_init(key->d);
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93 if (buf_getmpint(buf, key->d) == DROPBEAR_FAILURE) {
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94 TRACE(("leave buf_get_rsa_priv_key: d: ret == DROPBEAR_FAILURE"));
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95 return DROPBEAR_FAILURE;
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96 }
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97
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98 /* old Dropbear private keys didn't keep p and q, so we will ignore them*/
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99 if (buf->pos == buf->len) {
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100 key->p = NULL;
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101 key->q = NULL;
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102 } else {
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103 key->p = m_malloc(sizeof(mp_int));
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104 key->q = m_malloc(sizeof(mp_int));
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105 m_mp_init_multi(key->p, key->q, NULL);
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106
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107 if (buf_getmpint(buf, key->p) == DROPBEAR_FAILURE) {
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108 TRACE(("leave buf_get_rsa_priv_key: p: ret == DROPBEAR_FAILURE"));
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109 return DROPBEAR_FAILURE;
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110 }
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111
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112 if (buf_getmpint(buf, key->q) == DROPBEAR_FAILURE) {
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113 TRACE(("leave buf_get_rsa_priv_key: q: ret == DROPBEAR_FAILURE"));
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114 return DROPBEAR_FAILURE;
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115 }
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116 }
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117
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118 TRACE(("leave buf_get_rsa_priv_key"));
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119 return DROPBEAR_SUCCESS;
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120 }
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121
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122
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123 /* Clear and free the memory used by a public or private key */
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124 void rsa_key_free(rsa_key *key) {
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125
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126 TRACE(("enter rsa_key_free"));
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127
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128 if (key == NULL) {
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129 TRACE(("leave rsa_key_free: key == NULL"));
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130 return;
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131 }
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132 if (key->d) {
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133 mp_clear(key->d);
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134 m_free(key->d);
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135 }
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136 if (key->e) {
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137 mp_clear(key->e);
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138 m_free(key->e);
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139 }
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140 if (key->n) {
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141 mp_clear(key->n);
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142 m_free(key->n);
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143 }
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144 if (key->p) {
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145 mp_clear(key->p);
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146 m_free(key->p);
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147 }
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148 if (key->q) {
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149 mp_clear(key->q);
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150 m_free(key->q);
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parents:
diff changeset
151 }
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parents:
diff changeset
152 m_free(key);
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parents:
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153 TRACE(("leave rsa_key_free"));
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parents:
diff changeset
154 }
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parents:
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155
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parents:
diff changeset
156 /* Put the public rsa key into the buffer in the required format:
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Matt Johnston <matt@ucc.asn.au>
parents:
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157 *
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parents:
diff changeset
158 * string "ssh-rsa"
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parents:
diff changeset
159 * mp_int e
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parents:
diff changeset
160 * mp_int n
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parents:
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161 */
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parents:
diff changeset
162 void buf_put_rsa_pub_key(buffer* buf, rsa_key *key) {
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parents:
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163
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parents:
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164 TRACE(("enter buf_put_rsa_pub_key"));
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parents:
diff changeset
165 assert(key != NULL);
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parents:
diff changeset
166
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parents:
diff changeset
167 buf_putstring(buf, SSH_SIGNKEY_RSA, SSH_SIGNKEY_RSA_LEN);
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parents:
diff changeset
168 buf_putmpint(buf, key->e);
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parents:
diff changeset
169 buf_putmpint(buf, key->n);
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parents:
diff changeset
170
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parents:
diff changeset
171 TRACE(("leave buf_put_rsa_pub_key"));
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parents:
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172
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parents:
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173 }
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174
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parents:
diff changeset
175 /* Same as buf_put_rsa_pub_key, but with the private "x" key appended */
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parents:
diff changeset
176 void buf_put_rsa_priv_key(buffer* buf, rsa_key *key) {
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177
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diff changeset
178 TRACE(("enter buf_put_rsa_priv_key"));
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179
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180 assert(key != NULL);
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diff changeset
181 buf_put_rsa_pub_key(buf, key);
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182 buf_putmpint(buf, key->d);
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diff changeset
183
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parents:
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184 /* new versions have p and q, old versions don't */
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parents:
diff changeset
185 if (key->p) {
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diff changeset
186 buf_putmpint(buf, key->p);
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187 }
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diff changeset
188 if (key->q) {
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diff changeset
189 buf_putmpint(buf, key->q);
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190 }
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diff changeset
191
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parents:
diff changeset
192
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parents:
diff changeset
193 TRACE(("leave buf_put_rsa_priv_key"));
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diff changeset
194
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195 }
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196
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diff changeset
197 #ifdef DROPBEAR_SIGNKEY_VERIFY
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parents:
diff changeset
198 /* Verify a signature in buf, made on data by the key given.
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199 * Returns DROPBEAR_SUCCESS or DROPBEAR_FAILURE */
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diff changeset
200 int buf_rsa_verify(buffer * buf, rsa_key *key, const unsigned char* data,
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Matt Johnston <matt@ucc.asn.au>
parents:
diff changeset
201 unsigned int len) {
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parents:
diff changeset
202
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Matt Johnston <matt@ucc.asn.au>
parents:
diff changeset
203 unsigned int slen;
84
29a5c7c62350 default initialisers for mp_ints
Matt Johnston <matt@ucc.asn.au>
parents: 70
diff changeset
204 DEF_MP_INT(rsa_s);
29a5c7c62350 default initialisers for mp_ints
Matt Johnston <matt@ucc.asn.au>
parents: 70
diff changeset
205 DEF_MP_INT(rsa_mdash);
4
fe6bca95afa7 Makefile.in contains updated files required
Matt Johnston <matt@ucc.asn.au>
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diff changeset
206 mp_int *rsa_em = NULL;
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parents:
diff changeset
207 int ret = DROPBEAR_FAILURE;
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parents:
diff changeset
208
34
e2a1eaa19f22 Client mostly works up to password auth
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parents: 4
diff changeset
209 TRACE(("enter buf_rsa_verify"));
e2a1eaa19f22 Client mostly works up to password auth
Matt Johnston <matt@ucc.asn.au>
parents: 4
diff changeset
210
4
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Matt Johnston <matt@ucc.asn.au>
parents:
diff changeset
211 assert(key != NULL);
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parents:
diff changeset
212
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Matt Johnston <matt@ucc.asn.au>
parents:
diff changeset
213 m_mp_init_multi(&rsa_mdash, &rsa_s, NULL);
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parents:
diff changeset
214
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Matt Johnston <matt@ucc.asn.au>
parents:
diff changeset
215 slen = buf_getint(buf);
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parents:
diff changeset
216 if (slen != (unsigned int)mp_unsigned_bin_size(key->n)) {
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Matt Johnston <matt@ucc.asn.au>
parents:
diff changeset
217 TRACE(("bad size"));
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Matt Johnston <matt@ucc.asn.au>
parents:
diff changeset
218 goto out;
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parents:
diff changeset
219 }
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parents:
diff changeset
220
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Matt Johnston <matt@ucc.asn.au>
parents:
diff changeset
221 if (mp_read_unsigned_bin(&rsa_s, buf_getptr(buf, buf->len - buf->pos),
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parents:
diff changeset
222 buf->len - buf->pos) != MP_OKAY) {
34
e2a1eaa19f22 Client mostly works up to password auth
Matt Johnston <matt@ucc.asn.au>
parents: 4
diff changeset
223 TRACE(("failed reading rsa_s"));
4
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Matt Johnston <matt@ucc.asn.au>
parents:
diff changeset
224 goto out;
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parents:
diff changeset
225 }
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parents:
diff changeset
226
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parents:
diff changeset
227 /* check that s <= n-1 */
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parents:
diff changeset
228 if (mp_cmp(&rsa_s, key->n) != MP_LT) {
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parents:
diff changeset
229 TRACE(("s > n-1"));
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parents:
diff changeset
230 goto out;
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Matt Johnston <matt@ucc.asn.au>
parents:
diff changeset
231 }
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parents:
diff changeset
232
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parents:
diff changeset
233 /* create the magic PKCS padded value */
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Matt Johnston <matt@ucc.asn.au>
parents:
diff changeset
234 rsa_em = rsa_pad_em(key, data, len);
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parents:
diff changeset
235
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Matt Johnston <matt@ucc.asn.au>
parents:
diff changeset
236 if (mp_exptmod(&rsa_s, key->e, key->n, &rsa_mdash) != MP_OKAY) {
34
e2a1eaa19f22 Client mostly works up to password auth
Matt Johnston <matt@ucc.asn.au>
parents: 4
diff changeset
237 TRACE(("failed exptmod rsa_s"));
4
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Matt Johnston <matt@ucc.asn.au>
parents:
diff changeset
238 goto out;
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Matt Johnston <matt@ucc.asn.au>
parents:
diff changeset
239 }
fe6bca95afa7 Makefile.in contains updated files required
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parents:
diff changeset
240
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Matt Johnston <matt@ucc.asn.au>
parents:
diff changeset
241 if (mp_cmp(rsa_em, &rsa_mdash) == MP_EQ) {
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Matt Johnston <matt@ucc.asn.au>
parents:
diff changeset
242 /* signature is valid */
34
e2a1eaa19f22 Client mostly works up to password auth
Matt Johnston <matt@ucc.asn.au>
parents: 4
diff changeset
243 TRACE(("success!"));
4
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Matt Johnston <matt@ucc.asn.au>
parents:
diff changeset
244 ret = DROPBEAR_SUCCESS;
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Matt Johnston <matt@ucc.asn.au>
parents:
diff changeset
245 }
fe6bca95afa7 Makefile.in contains updated files required
Matt Johnston <matt@ucc.asn.au>
parents:
diff changeset
246
fe6bca95afa7 Makefile.in contains updated files required
Matt Johnston <matt@ucc.asn.au>
parents:
diff changeset
247 out:
70
b0316ce64e4b Merging in the changes from 0.41-0.43 main Dropbear tree
Matt Johnston <matt@ucc.asn.au>
parents: 34
diff changeset
248 if (rsa_em) {
b0316ce64e4b Merging in the changes from 0.41-0.43 main Dropbear tree
Matt Johnston <matt@ucc.asn.au>
parents: 34
diff changeset
249 mp_clear(rsa_em);
b0316ce64e4b Merging in the changes from 0.41-0.43 main Dropbear tree
Matt Johnston <matt@ucc.asn.au>
parents: 34
diff changeset
250 m_free(rsa_em);
b0316ce64e4b Merging in the changes from 0.41-0.43 main Dropbear tree
Matt Johnston <matt@ucc.asn.au>
parents: 34
diff changeset
251 }
b0316ce64e4b Merging in the changes from 0.41-0.43 main Dropbear tree
Matt Johnston <matt@ucc.asn.au>
parents: 34
diff changeset
252 mp_clear_multi(&rsa_mdash, &rsa_s, NULL);
34
e2a1eaa19f22 Client mostly works up to password auth
Matt Johnston <matt@ucc.asn.au>
parents: 4
diff changeset
253 TRACE(("leave buf_rsa_verify: ret %d", ret));
4
fe6bca95afa7 Makefile.in contains updated files required
Matt Johnston <matt@ucc.asn.au>
parents:
diff changeset
254 return ret;
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parents:
diff changeset
255
fe6bca95afa7 Makefile.in contains updated files required
Matt Johnston <matt@ucc.asn.au>
parents:
diff changeset
256 }
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Matt Johnston <matt@ucc.asn.au>
parents:
diff changeset
257 #endif /* DROPBEAR_SIGNKEY_VERIFY */
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parents:
diff changeset
258
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Matt Johnston <matt@ucc.asn.au>
parents:
diff changeset
259 /* Sign the data presented with key, writing the signature contents
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Matt Johnston <matt@ucc.asn.au>
parents:
diff changeset
260 * to the buffer */
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Matt Johnston <matt@ucc.asn.au>
parents:
diff changeset
261 void buf_put_rsa_sign(buffer* buf, rsa_key *key, const unsigned char* data,
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Matt Johnston <matt@ucc.asn.au>
parents:
diff changeset
262 unsigned int len) {
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Matt Johnston <matt@ucc.asn.au>
parents:
diff changeset
263
fe6bca95afa7 Makefile.in contains updated files required
Matt Johnston <matt@ucc.asn.au>
parents:
diff changeset
264 unsigned int nsize, ssize;
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Matt Johnston <matt@ucc.asn.au>
parents:
diff changeset
265 unsigned int i;
84
29a5c7c62350 default initialisers for mp_ints
Matt Johnston <matt@ucc.asn.au>
parents: 70
diff changeset
266 DEF_MP_INT(rsa_s);
70
b0316ce64e4b Merging in the changes from 0.41-0.43 main Dropbear tree
Matt Johnston <matt@ucc.asn.au>
parents: 34
diff changeset
267 mp_int *rsa_em = NULL;
4
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parents:
diff changeset
268
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Matt Johnston <matt@ucc.asn.au>
parents:
diff changeset
269 TRACE(("enter buf_put_rsa_sign"));
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Matt Johnston <matt@ucc.asn.au>
parents:
diff changeset
270 assert(key != NULL);
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parents:
diff changeset
271
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Matt Johnston <matt@ucc.asn.au>
parents:
diff changeset
272 rsa_em = rsa_pad_em(key, data, len);
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parents:
diff changeset
273
70
b0316ce64e4b Merging in the changes from 0.41-0.43 main Dropbear tree
Matt Johnston <matt@ucc.asn.au>
parents: 34
diff changeset
274 m_mp_init(&rsa_s);
b0316ce64e4b Merging in the changes from 0.41-0.43 main Dropbear tree
Matt Johnston <matt@ucc.asn.au>
parents: 34
diff changeset
275
4
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parents:
diff changeset
276 /* the actual signing of the padded data */
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Matt Johnston <matt@ucc.asn.au>
parents:
diff changeset
277 /* s = em^d mod n */
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Matt Johnston <matt@ucc.asn.au>
parents:
diff changeset
278 if (mp_exptmod(rsa_em, key->d, key->n, &rsa_s) != MP_OKAY) {
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Matt Johnston <matt@ucc.asn.au>
parents:
diff changeset
279 dropbear_exit("rsa error");
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parents:
diff changeset
280 }
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Matt Johnston <matt@ucc.asn.au>
parents:
diff changeset
281 mp_clear(rsa_em);
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Matt Johnston <matt@ucc.asn.au>
parents:
diff changeset
282 m_free(rsa_em);
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parents:
diff changeset
283
fe6bca95afa7 Makefile.in contains updated files required
Matt Johnston <matt@ucc.asn.au>
parents:
diff changeset
284 /* create the signature to return */
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Matt Johnston <matt@ucc.asn.au>
parents:
diff changeset
285 buf_putstring(buf, SSH_SIGNKEY_RSA, SSH_SIGNKEY_RSA_LEN);
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Matt Johnston <matt@ucc.asn.au>
parents:
diff changeset
286
fe6bca95afa7 Makefile.in contains updated files required
Matt Johnston <matt@ucc.asn.au>
parents:
diff changeset
287 nsize = mp_unsigned_bin_size(key->n);
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Matt Johnston <matt@ucc.asn.au>
parents:
diff changeset
288
fe6bca95afa7 Makefile.in contains updated files required
Matt Johnston <matt@ucc.asn.au>
parents:
diff changeset
289 /* string rsa_signature_blob length */
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Matt Johnston <matt@ucc.asn.au>
parents:
diff changeset
290 buf_putint(buf, nsize);
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Matt Johnston <matt@ucc.asn.au>
parents:
diff changeset
291 /* pad out s to same length as n */
fe6bca95afa7 Makefile.in contains updated files required
Matt Johnston <matt@ucc.asn.au>
parents:
diff changeset
292 ssize = mp_unsigned_bin_size(&rsa_s);
fe6bca95afa7 Makefile.in contains updated files required
Matt Johnston <matt@ucc.asn.au>
parents:
diff changeset
293 assert(ssize <= nsize);
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Matt Johnston <matt@ucc.asn.au>
parents:
diff changeset
294 for (i = 0; i < nsize-ssize; i++) {
fe6bca95afa7 Makefile.in contains updated files required
Matt Johnston <matt@ucc.asn.au>
parents:
diff changeset
295 buf_putbyte(buf, 0x00);
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Matt Johnston <matt@ucc.asn.au>
parents:
diff changeset
296 }
fe6bca95afa7 Makefile.in contains updated files required
Matt Johnston <matt@ucc.asn.au>
parents:
diff changeset
297
fe6bca95afa7 Makefile.in contains updated files required
Matt Johnston <matt@ucc.asn.au>
parents:
diff changeset
298 if (mp_to_unsigned_bin(&rsa_s, buf_getwriteptr(buf, ssize)) != MP_OKAY) {
fe6bca95afa7 Makefile.in contains updated files required
Matt Johnston <matt@ucc.asn.au>
parents:
diff changeset
299 dropbear_exit("rsa error");
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Matt Johnston <matt@ucc.asn.au>
parents:
diff changeset
300 }
fe6bca95afa7 Makefile.in contains updated files required
Matt Johnston <matt@ucc.asn.au>
parents:
diff changeset
301 buf_incrwritepos(buf, ssize);
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Matt Johnston <matt@ucc.asn.au>
parents:
diff changeset
302 mp_clear(&rsa_s);
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Matt Johnston <matt@ucc.asn.au>
parents:
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303
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304 #if defined(DEBUG_RSA) && defined(DEBUG_TRACE)
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305 printhex(buf->data, buf->len);
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306 #endif
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307
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308
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309 TRACE(("leave buf_put_rsa_sign"));
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310 }
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311
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312 /* Creates the message value as expected by PKCS, see rfc2437 etc */
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313 /* format to be padded to is:
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314 * EM = 01 | FF* | 00 | prefix | hash
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315 *
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316 * where FF is repeated enough times to make EM one byte
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317 * shorter than the size of key->n
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318 *
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319 * prefix is the ASN1 designator prefix,
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320 * hex 30 21 30 09 06 05 2B 0E 03 02 1A 05 00 04 14
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321 */
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322 static mp_int * rsa_pad_em(rsa_key * key,
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323 const unsigned char * data, unsigned int len) {
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324
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325 /* ASN1 designator (including the 0x00 preceding) */
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326 const char rsa_asn1_magic[] =
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327 {0x00, 0x30, 0x21, 0x30, 0x09, 0x06, 0x05, 0x2b,
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328 0x0e, 0x03, 0x02, 0x1a, 0x05, 0x00, 0x04, 0x14};
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329 #define RSA_ASN1_MAGIC_LEN 16
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330 buffer * rsa_EM = NULL;
4
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331 hash_state hs;
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332 unsigned int nsize;
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333 mp_int * rsa_em = NULL;
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334
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335 assert(key != NULL);
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336 assert(data != NULL);
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337 nsize = mp_unsigned_bin_size(key->n);
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338
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339 rsa_EM = buf_new(nsize-1);
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340 /* type byte */
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341 buf_putbyte(rsa_EM, 0x01);
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342 /* Padding with 0xFF bytes */
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343 while(rsa_EM->pos != rsa_EM->size - RSA_ASN1_MAGIC_LEN - SHA1_HASH_SIZE) {
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344 buf_putbyte(rsa_EM, 0xff);
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345 }
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346 /* Magic ASN1 stuff */
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347 memcpy(buf_getwriteptr(rsa_EM, RSA_ASN1_MAGIC_LEN),
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348 rsa_asn1_magic, RSA_ASN1_MAGIC_LEN);
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349 buf_incrwritepos(rsa_EM, RSA_ASN1_MAGIC_LEN);
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350
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351 /* The hash of the data */
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352 sha1_init(&hs);
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353 sha1_process(&hs, data, len);
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354 sha1_done(&hs, buf_getwriteptr(rsa_EM, SHA1_HASH_SIZE));
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355 buf_incrwritepos(rsa_EM, SHA1_HASH_SIZE);
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356
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357 assert(rsa_EM->pos == rsa_EM->size);
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358
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359 /* Create the mp_int from the encoded bytes */
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360 buf_setpos(rsa_EM, 0);
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361 rsa_em = (mp_int*)m_malloc(sizeof(mp_int));
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362 m_mp_init(rsa_em);
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363 if (mp_read_unsigned_bin(rsa_em, buf_getptr(rsa_EM, rsa_EM->size),
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364 rsa_EM->size) != MP_OKAY) {
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365 dropbear_exit("rsa error");
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366 }
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367 buf_free(rsa_EM);
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368
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369 return rsa_em;
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370
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371 }
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372
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373 #endif /* DROPBEAR_RSA */