annotate dbclient.1 @ 1938:77bc00dcc19f default tip main master

Bump version to 2022.82
author Matt Johnston <matt@ucc.asn.au>
date Fri, 01 Apr 2022 14:43:27 +0800
parents 94323a20e572
children
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1 .TH dbclient 1
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2 .SH NAME
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3 dbclient \- lightweight SSH client
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4 .SH SYNOPSIS
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5 .B dbclient
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6 [\fIflag arguments\fR] [\-p
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7 .I port\fR] [\-i
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8 .I id\fR] [\-L
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9 .I l\fR:\fIh\fR:\fIp\fR] [\-R
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10 .I l\fR:\fIh\fR:\fIp\fR] [\-l
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11 .IR user ]
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12 .I host
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13 .RI [ \fImore\ flags\fR ]
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14 .RI [ command ]
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15
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16 .B dbclient
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17 [\fIargs\fR]
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18 [\fIuser1\fR]@\fIhost1\fR[^\fIport1\fR],[\fIuser2\fR]@\fIhost2\fR[^\fIport2\fR],...
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19
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20 .SH DESCRIPTION
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21 .B dbclient
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22 is the client part of Dropbear SSH
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23 .SH OPTIONS
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24 .TP
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25 .TP
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26 .B command
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27 A command to run on the remote host. This will normally be run by the remote host
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28 using the user's shell. The command begins at the first hyphen argument after the
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29 host argument. If no command is specified an interactive terminal will be opened
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30 (see -t and -T).
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31 .TP
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32 .B \-p \fIport
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33 Connect to
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34 .I port
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35 on the remote host. Alternatively a port can be specified as hostname^port.
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36 Default is 22.
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37 .TP
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38 .B \-i \fIidfile
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39 Identity file.
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40 Read the identity key from file
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41 .I idfile
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42 (multiple allowed). This file is created with dropbearkey(1) or converted
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43 from OpenSSH with dropbearconvert(1). The default path ~/.ssh/id_dropbear is used
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44 .TP
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45 .B \-L\fR [\fIlistenaddress\fR]:\fIlistenport\fR:\fIhost\fR:\fIport\fR
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46 Local port forwarding.
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47 Forward
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48 .I listenport
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49 on the local host through the SSH connection to
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50 .I port
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51 on
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52 .IR host .
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53 .TP
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54 .B \-R\fR [\fIlistenaddress\fR]:\fIlistenport\fR:\fIhost\fR:\fIport\fR
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55 Remote port forwarding.
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56 Forward
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57 .I listenport
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58 on the remote host through the SSH connection to
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59 .I port
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60 on
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61 .IR host .
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62 .TP
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63 .B \-l \fIuser
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64 Username.
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65 Login as
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66 .I user
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67 on the remote host. An alternative is to specify user@host.
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68 .TP
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69 .B \-t
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70 Allocate a PTY. This is the default when no command is given, it gives a full
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71 interactive remote session. The main effect is that keystrokes are sent remotely
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72 immediately as opposed to local line-based editing.
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73 .TP
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74 .B \-T
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75 Don't allocate a PTY. This is the default when a command is given. See -t.
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76 .TP
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77 .B \-N
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78 Don't request a remote shell or run any commands. Any command arguments are ignored.
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79 .TP
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80 .B \-f
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81 Fork into the background after authentication. A command argument (or -N) is required.
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82 This is useful when using password authentication.
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83 .TP
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84 .B \-g
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85 Allow non-local hosts to connect to forwarded ports. Applies to -L and -R
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86 forwarded ports, though remote connections to -R forwarded ports may be limited
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87 by the ssh server.
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88 .TP
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89 .B \-y
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90 Always accept hostkeys if they are unknown. If a hostkey mismatch occurs the
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91 connection will abort as normal. If specified a second time no host key checking
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92 is performed at all, this is usually undesirable.
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93 .TP
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94 .B \-A
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95 Forward agent connections to the remote host. dbclient will use any
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96 OpenSSH-style agent program if available ($SSH_AUTH_SOCK will be set) for
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97 public key authentication. Forwarding is only enabled if -A is specified.
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98 .TP
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99 .B \-W \fIwindowsize
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100 Specify the per-channel receive window buffer size. Increasing this
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101 may improve network performance at the expense of memory use. Use -h to see the
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102 default buffer size.
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103 .TP
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104 .B \-K \fItimeout_seconds
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105 Ensure that traffic is transmitted at a certain interval in seconds. This is
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106 useful for working around firewalls or routers that drop connections after
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107 a certain period of inactivity. The trade-off is that a session may be
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108 closed if there is a temporary lapse of network connectivity. A setting
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109 if 0 disables keepalives. If no response is received for 3 consecutive keepalives the connection will be closed.
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110 .TP
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111 .B \-I \fIidle_timeout
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112 Disconnect the session if no traffic is transmitted or received for \fIidle_timeout\fR seconds.
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113 .TP
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114
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115 .\" TODO: how to avoid a line break between these two -J arguments?
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116 .B \-J \fIproxy_command
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117 .TP
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118 .B \-J \fI&fd
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119 .br
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120 Use the standard input/output of the program \fIproxy_command\fR rather than using
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121 a normal TCP connection. A hostname should be still be provided, as this is used for
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122 comparing saved hostkeys. This command will be executed as "exec proxy_command ..." with the
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123 default shell.
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124
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125 The second form &fd will make dbclient use the numeric file descriptor as a socket. This
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126 can be used for more complex tunnelling scenarios. Example usage with socat is
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127
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128 socat EXEC:'dbclient -J &38 ev',fdin=38,fdout=38 TCP4:host.example.com:22
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129
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130 .TP
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131 .B \-B \fIendhost:endport
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132 "Netcat-alike" mode, where Dropbear will connect to the given host, then create a
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133 forwarded connection to \fIendhost\fR. This will then be presented as dbclient's
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134 standard input/output.
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135 .TP
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136 .B \-c \fIcipherlist
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137 Specify a comma separated list of ciphers to enable. Use \fI-c help\fR to list possibilities.
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138 .TP
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139 .B \-m \fIMAClist
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140 Specify a comma separated list of authentication MACs to enable. Use \fI-m help\fR to list possibilities.
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141 .TP
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142 .B \-o \fIoption
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143 Can be used to give options in the format used by OpenSSH config file. This is
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144 useful for specifying options for which there is no separate command-line flag.
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145 For full details of the options listed below, and their possible values, see
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146 ssh_config(5).
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147 The following options have currently been implemented:
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148
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149 .RS
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150 .TP
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151 .B ExitOnForwardFailure
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152 Specifies whether dbclient should terminate the connection if it cannot set up all requested local and remote port forwardings. The argument must be "yes" or "no". The default is "no".
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153 .TP
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154 .B UseSyslog
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155 Send dbclient log messages to syslog in addition to stderr.
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156 .TP
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157 .B Port
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158 Specify a listening port, like the \fI-p\fR argument.
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159 .RE
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160 .TP
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161 .B \-s
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162 The specified command will be requested as a subsystem, used for sftp. Dropbear doesn't implement sftp itself but the OpenSSH sftp client can be used eg \fIsftp -S dbclient user@host\fR
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163 .TP
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164 .B \-b \fI[address][:port]
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165 Bind to a specific local address when connecting to the remote host. This can be used to choose from
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166 multiple outgoing interfaces. Either address or port (or both) can be given.
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167 .TP
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168 .B \-V
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169 Print the version
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170
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171 .SH MULTI-HOP
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172 Dropbear will also allow multiple "hops" to be specified, separated by commas. In
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173 this case a connection will be made to the first host, then a TCP forwarded
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174 connection will be made through that to the second host, and so on. Hosts other than
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175 the final destination will not see anything other than the encrypted SSH stream.
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176 A port for a host can be specified with a caret (eg matt@martello^44 ).
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177 This syntax can also be used with scp or rsync (specifying dbclient as the
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178 ssh/rsh command). A file can be "bounced" through multiple SSH hops, eg
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179
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180 scp -S dbclient matt@martello,root@wrt,canyons:/tmp/dump .
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181
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182 Note that hostnames are resolved by the prior hop (so "canyons" would be resolved by the host "wrt")
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183 in the example above, the same way as other -L TCP forwarded hosts are. Host keys are
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184 checked locally based on the given hostname.
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185
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186 .SH ESCAPE CHARACTERS
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187 Typing a newline followed by the key sequence \fI~.\fR (tilde, dot) will terminate a connection.
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188 The sequence \fI~^Z\fR (tilde, ctrl-z) will background the connection. This behaviour only
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189 applies when a PTY is used.
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190
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191 .SH ENVIRONMENT
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192 .TP
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193 .B DROPBEAR_PASSWORD
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194 A password to use for remote authentication can be specified in the environment
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195 variable DROPBEAR_PASSWORD. Care should be taken that the password is not
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196 exposed to other users on a multi-user system, or stored in accessible files.
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197 .TP
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198 .B SSH_ASKPASS
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199 dbclient can use an external program to request a password from a user.
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200 SSH_ASKPASS should be set to the path of a program that will return a password
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201 on standard output. This program will only be used if either DISPLAY is set and
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202 standard input is not a TTY, or the environment variable SSH_ASKPASS_ALWAYS is
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203 set.
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204 .SH NOTES
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205 If compiled with zlib support and if the server supports it, dbclient will
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206 always use compression.
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207
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208 .SH AUTHOR
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209 Matt Johnston ([email protected]).
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210 .br
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211 Mihnea Stoenescu wrote initial Dropbear client support
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212 .br
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213 Gerrit Pape ([email protected]) wrote this manual page.
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214 .SH SEE ALSO
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215 dropbear(8), dropbearkey(1)
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216 .P
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217 https://matt.ucc.asn.au/dropbear/dropbear.html